Ação do fogo em núcleos de habitações de cunho social

Abstract

This article addresses the definitions of social interest housing and fire load, relating the importance of performance standards for housing buildings to the difficulty in proposing inclusive housing for the population. Documentary research was proposed on the action of fire in social housing nuclei, listing structural elements of the construction, the behavior of the materials   concerning fire and protection systems of the structural elements, as well as the main occurrences of fires of this type in Brazil. Structural fire safety is directly related to the typology of social housing that has technical specifications and pre-defined costs, aiming to establish minimum and maximum standards that meet the profile of the beneficiary of the social program. It was concluded that there are major challenges: the study of the dynamics and behavior of structures in a fire situation, as the solutions adopted may or may not guarantee the quality of the architectural design and compliance with performance requirements;  the ensurance e that housing is inclusive for the low-income population and favors the safety of occupants in terms of staying versus vacating spaces; and, the scarcity of a database that can be compared between the Fire Departments, reinforcing the need for a standardized yearbook that will identify occurrences in these housing.